The Geographic Framework - over the next several classes, we will be looking at the 'geographic framework' that GIS data falls within. This framework includes but is not limited to geographic coordinate systems, approximations of the earth's size and shape (sphere, ellipsiod (spheriod), and geoid), datums, projected coordinate systems (map projections) scale and more! ESRI refers to all of this together as the Spatial Reference.
Sources:
Map Projections by Carlos A. Furuti - GREAT RESOURCE!
About Coordinate Systems and Map Projections - ESRI
About Projected Coordinate Systems - ESRI
Georeferencing and Coordinate Systems - ESRI
Projections Basics the GIS Professional Needs to Know - ESRI
About the geoid, ellipsoid, spheroid and datum and how they are related - ESRI
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